When winter temperatures drop significantly below normal, staying warm and safe can become a challenge.

Although staying indoors as much as possible can help reduce the risk of injury, there maybe indoor hazards to be addressed. Many homes will be too cold — either due to a power failure or because the heating system isn't adequate for the weather.

Exposure to cold temperatures, whether indoors or outside, can cause serious or life-threatening health problems, such as hypothermia. Infants and the elderly are particularly at risk, but anyone can be affected.

"A person who develops hypothermia is unable to sustain a regular body temperature," said David E. Wilcox of the American College of Emergency Physicians. "Prolonged exposure to the cold can lead to confusion, memory loss, and drowsiness, especially if the body temperature drops below 95° F. More than 100,000 Americans are treated for hypothermia each year, so if you notice any of these signs in someone who has been exposed to the winter cold, seek medical attention immediately."

Perhaps the best way to plan for winter emergencies is to stock up on supplies in both the home and the car. The American College of Emergency Physicians recommends that emergency supplies include:

• For the home — a safe alternative heating source in case of power failure (dry wood for the fireplace, wood stove, space heater); blankets; matches; multipurpose, dry-chemical fire extinguisher; flashlights with extra batteries; battery powered radio; extra non-perishable food; bottled water; home first-aid kit; battery powered clock or watch; non-electric can opener; snow shovel; rock salt; and special needs items (diapers, medicines, and batteries, etc.)
• For the car — blankets; first-aid kit; a can and waterproof matches (to melt snow for water); windshield scraper; jumper cables; medications; road maps; compass; tool kit; bag of sand or cat litter (for added traction); tire chains (in areas with heavy snow); collapsible shovel; high-calorie canned or dried foods and a can opener; flashlight with extra batteries; canned compressed air with sealant (for emergency tire repair); brightly colored cloth; tow rope; extra clothing to keep dry; and a cell phone.

"In addition, fully check and winterize your vehicle before winter begins," added Dr. Wilcox.

Keep yourself and your family safe this winter by knowing how to prevent cold-related health problems and what to do if a cold-weather emergency arises.